热心网友
回答时间：2023-09-23 13:46
奥地利作曲家莫扎特是古典乐派最典型作曲家，与海顿、贝多芬并称为维也纳古典乐派三大作曲家。
1756年1月27日，沃尔夫冈-阿马德乌斯-莫扎特出生于奥地利的萨尔斯堡一个宫廷乐师之家。他很小就显露出极高的音乐天赋，在父亲的教导下学习音乐。从1762年起，在父亲的带领下，6岁的莫扎特和10岁的姐姐安娜开始了漫游整个欧洲*的旅行演出。他们到过慕尼黑、法兰克福、波恩、维也纳、巴黎、伦敦、米兰、波隆那、佛罗伦萨、那不勒斯、罗马、阿姆斯特丹等等许多地方，所到之处无不引起巨大的轰动！在奥地利国都维也纳，他们被皇帝请进王宫进行表演。
1772年，16岁的莫扎特终于结束了长达10年之久的漫游生活，回到自己的家乡萨尔斯堡，在大主教的宫廷乐队里担任首席乐师。由于不满主教对他的严厉管束，这段不稳定的雇佣关系终于在1781年结束，他毅然决定独立自主，前往维也纳定居，走上艰难的自由音乐家道路。
莫扎特写作之轻松与神速使他的同时代人和后辈都把他看作是无师自通、不学而成的天才，纵观他的一生，除了孩提时期受到父亲的严格教诲外，的确从未得到过正式的教师指导。天才是不容否认的，但人们往往因此而忽略了天才也离不开刻苦与勤奋。莫扎特曾说：“人们以为我的艺术得来全不费功夫。实际上，没有人会像我一样花这么多时间和思考来从事作曲；没有一位名家的作品我不是辛勤地研究了许多次。”
1791年莫扎特贫病交加在维也纳逝世，享年仅35岁。
莫扎特的主要代表作有：歌剧22部；以《费加罗的婚礼》(The Marriage of Figaro)、《唐璜》、《魔笛》最为著名；交响曲41部，以第三十九、四十、四十一交响曲最为著名；钢琴协奏曲27部，以第二十、二十一、二十三、二十四、二十六、二十七钢琴协奏曲最为著名；小提琴协奏曲6部，以第四、第五小提琴协奏曲最为著名；此外，他还写了大量各种体裁的器乐与声乐作品。
Austrian composer Mozart is to classical music composers were the most typical, with works by Haydn, Beethoven and Vienna as the three great composers of classical music camp.
January 27, 1756, Wolfgang - Amadeus - Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria a home court musicians. He has shown very little on the high musical talent in his father's music under the guidance of learning. From 1762 onwards, under the leadership of his father, 6-year-old Mozart and 10-year-old sister, Anna began roaming the entire European continent travel to perform. They have gone to Munich, Frankfurt, Bonn, Vienna, Paris, London, Milan, Bologna, Florence, Naples, Rome, Amsterdam and so many places, he went all caused great sensation! Capital Vienna, Austria, they were Emperor Palace invited to perform.
In 1772, 16-year-old Mozart's finally come to an end a 10-year life of roaming and returned to his hometown Salzburg, in the court of the Archbishop of the band, served as chief musician. Because of dissatisfaction with the bishops of his strict control, this period of instability in the employment relationship was finally the end of 1781, he took an independent decision to settle in Vienna and embarked on the difficult road of freedom of musicians.
Mozart's writing easy and quick to make his contemporaries and younger, he regarded as a self-taught, not science from the days, when we look at his life, apart from the period of childhood by his father's strict teachings, Has never really been an official guide for teachers. Genius is undeniable, but people tend to neglect the genius can not be separated from hard and diligently. Mozart once said: "People thought I was the art and do not have tasks are more demanding. In fact, no one would like me to spend so much time thinking and to engage in music; none of the works of famous I am not a hard look at the Many times. "
Cross poor in 1791 in Vienna, Mozart's death at the age of only 35 years old.
Mozart's main representative: 22 operas; "The Marriage of Figaro" (The Marriage of Figaro), "Don Juan" and "The Magic Flute" the most well-known; Symphony No. 41 to 39th , 40, the most well-known Symphony No. 41; Piano Concerto No. 27 to 20th, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27 of the most well-known Piano Concerto; Violin Concerto 6 , In the fourth, fifth most famous Violin Concerto; In addition, he wrote a large number of various genres of vocal and instrumental works.
收起
