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回答时间:2024-05-16 19:06
双宾语和复合宾语
英语中有双宾语和复合宾语之分,现将它们分述如下:
A.双宾语
所谓双宾语,也就是说句子中有两个宾语,英语中把这两个宾语分别称为“直接宾语”和“间接宾语”。直接宾语一般指物(间或也可指人);间接宾语多用来指人(间或也可以指物)。如:
1.Please give me that book.
间接宾语 直接宾语 (双宾语)
2.The old man bought the boy two apples.
间接宾语 直接宾语 (双宾语)
由以上两个句子可以看出,双宾语中,间接宾语放在直接宾语之前。但有时直接宾语也可能放在间接宾语之前,这时需要在间接宾语前加to或for之类的介词。如:
3.Please give that book to me.
直接宾语 间接宾语 (双宾语)
4.The old man bought two apples for the boy.
直接宾语 间接宾语 (双宾语)
带有双宾语的结构有:tell sb. sth. / teach sb. sth. / return sb. sth.等。
B.复合宾语
所谓复合宾语,也就是说宾语的意思不完整,还需要一个成份来补充完整它,这个补充的成份,我们称之为宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。(宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即把它们扩展成一个句子的话,宾语可以转化成主语,宾语补足语可转化成谓语。)如:
1.He told me to go there.
宾语 宾语补足语 (复合宾语 可扩展成I went there)
2. I saw the girl dancing over there.
宾语 宾语补足语 (复合宾语)
(可扩展成The girl was dancing.)
带有复合宾语的结构有:
1) 宾语+动词不定式。如:
He told me to come home early.
We asked the teacher to tell the story again.
2)宾语+动词的ing形式。如:
Don’t keep me waiting outside.
I saw her singing just now.
3)宾语+形容词。如:
They leave the door open.
4)宾语+副词。如:
We let him in.
I heard her out.
5)宾语+动词的ed形式。如:
They kept their eyes closed.
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